#35 – Oral Beta-Lactams, Are We Serious?

Dr. Jill Cowper (@jillcowper), and Dr. Jesse Sutton, join host Dr. Zahra Kassamali Escobar (@zkePharmD) to discuss the data behind use of oral beta-lactams as step-down therapy for bacteremia and other serious infections.
 
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References:
 
  1. Sutton J, Stevens V, Chang NN et al. Oral β-Lactam Antibiotics vs Fluoroquinolones or Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole for Definitive Treatment of Enterobacterales Bacteremia From a Urine Source. JAMA Netw Open. 2020 Oct 1;3(10):e2020166.
  2. Punjabi C, Tien V, Meng C, et al. Oral Fluoroquinolone or Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole vs ß-Lactams as Step-Down Therapy for Enterobacteriaceae Bacteremia: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis, Open Forum Infect Dis 2019; 6(10):ofz364.
  3. Tamma PD, Conley AT, Cosgrove SE, et al. Association of 30-Day Mortality With Oral Step-Down vs Continued Intravenous Therapy in Patients Hospitalized With Enterobacteriaceae Bacteremia. JAMA Intern Med 2019; 179(3):316-323.
  4. Mercuro NJ, Stogsdill P, Wungwattana M. Retrospective analysis comparing oral stepdown therapy for enterobacteriaceae bloodstream infections: fluoroquinolones versus beta-lactams. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2018;51(5)687-692.
  5. Kutob LF, Justo JA, Bookstaver BA et al. Effectiveness of oral antibiotics for definitive therapy of Gram-negative bloodstream infections. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2016 Nov;48(5):498-503.
  6. Mogle BT, Beccari MV, Steele JM, et al. Clinical considerations for oral beta-lactams as step-down therapy for Enterobacteriaceae bloodstream infections. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2019 Jun;20(8):903-907.
  7. Migils C, Rhodes NJ, Kuti JL, et al. Defining the impact of severity of illness on time above the MIC threshold for cefepime in Gram-negative bacteraemia: a ‘Goldilocks’ window. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2017;50(3):487-490.
  8. Sandberg T, Englund G, Lincoln K, Nilsson LG. Randomised double-blind study of norfloxacin and cefadroxil in the treatment of acute pyelonephritis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1990;9(5):317-323.
  9. Mahoney MV, Swords KE. Fluoroquinolones: Friends or Foe? Clin Infect Dis. Clin Infect Dis. 2021 Feb 19:ciab150.
  10. Arensman K, Shields M, Beganovic M, et al. Fluoroquinolone versus beta-lactam oral step-down therapy for uncomplicated streptococcal bloodstream infections. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2020;64(11):e01515-20.
  11. Seaton RA, Ritchie ND, Robb F, et al. From ‘OPAT’ to ‘COpAT’: implications of the OVIVA study for ambulatory management of bone and joint infection. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2019 Aug 1;74(8):2119-2121.

Jill Cowper PharmD, BCIPD

Dr. Jill Cowper is a Division Infectious Diseases Pharmacist for HCA Health Care’s Capital Division in Richmond, Virginia. She oversees and assists with antimicrobial stewardship programs for 19 facilities. Her research interests include impact of antimicrobial stewardship strategies especially as they relate to pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic  dose optimization.

Jesse Sutton PharmD, BCIDP

Dr. Jesse Sutton is an Infectious Diseases Pharmacist with the VA Salt Lake City Health Care System in Salt Lake City Utah. He practices as a Clinical Pharmacist Specialist in antimicrobial stewardship. His research interests are largely driven by questions generated by common patient care scenarios.

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